Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of subcutaneous anifrolumab in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, active skin disease, and high type I interferon gene signature: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 study

300 mg of intravenous anifrolumab every 4 weeks added to standard-of-care treatment for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) reduced disease activity and glucocorticoid requirement. Patients might find subcutaneous administration more convenient than intravenous delivery.

Effect of dapagliflozin as an adjunct to insulin over 52 weeks in individuals with type 1 diabetes: post-hoc renal analysis of the DEPICT randomised controlled trials

Dapagliflozin was found to improve glycaemic control and body weight without an increase in the risk of hypoglycemia in the DEPICT studies. No notable change from baseline was seen in eGFR. Dedicated prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.

Metformin in women with type 2 diabetes in pregnancy (MiTy): a multicentre, international, randomised, placebo-controlled trial

Metformin is increasingly being used in women with type 2 diabetes during pregnancy. Little data exist on the benefits and harms of metformin use on pregnancy outcomes. We found no significant difference in the primary composite neonatal outcome between the two groups. The most common adverse event reported was gastrointestinal.

Risk factors for COVID-19-related mortality in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes in England: a population-based cohort study

Deaths in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes rose sharply during the initial COVID-19 pandemic in England. Male sex, older age, renal impairment, non-white ethnicity, socioeconomic deprivation, and previous stroke and heart failure were associated with increased mortality. Increased CO VID-19-related mortality was associated with cardiovascular and renal complications.

Associations of type 1 and type 2 diabetes with COVID-19-related mortality in England: a whole-population study

Diabetes has been associated with COVID-19-related mortality. The absolute and relative risks for type 1 and type 2 diabetes are unknown. We assessed the independent effects of diabetes status, by type, on in-hospital death in England.

Effects of canagliflozin on anaemia in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease: a post-hoc analysis from the CREDENCE trial

Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors might enhance erythropoiesis and increase red blood cell mass. We assessed the effects of canagliflozin versus matched placebo on hemoglobin and hematocrit using linear mixed-effects models. The risk of the composite outcome of anemia events or the initiation of treatment for anemia was lower in the theCanag liflonzin group.

Epidemiology of adrenal tumours in Olmsted County, Minnesota, USA: a population-based cohort study

Adrenal tumors are commonly encountered in clinical practice. Adrenal tumor standardized incidence rates increased 10 times from 1995 to 2017. The prevalence of adrenal tumors in 2017 was 532 per 100 000 inhabitants. Population-based data revealed lower rates of malignancy, phaeochromocytoma, and overt steroid hormone excess than previously reported.

Effects of once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide on kidney function and safety in patients with type 2 diabetes: a post-hoc analysis of the SUSTAIN 1–7 randomised controlled trials

The study examined the effects of semaglutide on kidney function and safety in a large, broad type 2 diabetes population. eGFR and UACR were also analyzed by kidney function, albuminuria status, and kidney function. EGFR decreased from baseline to week 12 with all active treatments. The decline in e GFR was greater with semagLutide than with placebo.

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