Contrasting Clinician and Insurer Perspectives to Managing Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Multilevel Modeling Analysis

Insurance coverage is an important determinant of treatment choice in irritable bowel syndrome. A multilevel microsimulation tracked costs and outcomes among 10 million hypothetical patients with IBS. Routinely using global IBS treatments before US Food and Drug Administration-approved drug therapies resulted in per-patient cost savings of $9,034.59 for IBS-D. Health outcomes were similar, regardless of treatment sequence.

Comparison of Lamina Cribrosa Curvature in Pseudoexfoliation and Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma

The study compares lamina cribrosa curvature (LCC) in pseudoexfoliation glaucoma and elucidates the factors associated with LCC in both groups.PXG eyes had more steeply curved LC than POAG eyes with a similar level of glaucoma severity. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography enhanced depth imaging was used to acquire LC images. LCCIs were significantly greater in the PXG than in the POAG group.

International estimates of intended uptake and refusal of COVID-19 vaccines: A rapid systematic review and meta-analysis of large nationally representative samples

As the pandemic has progressed, the percentage of people intending to vaccinate decreased, and the percentage that intends to refuse has increased. Being female, younger, of lower income or education level, and belonging to an ethnic minority group were consistently associated with being less likely to intend to Vaccinate.

Tranexamic acid in patients with intracerebral haemorrhage (STOP-AUST): a multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial

Tranexamic acid decreases haemorrhage in conditions such as acute trauma and menorrhoea. Between March 1, 2013, and Aug 13, 2019, we enrolled and randomly assigned 100 participants to the tranexamic acid group (n=50) or the placebo group (n=50). The study does not provide evidence that tranexamic acid prevents intracerebral haemorrhage growth

Risk of cervical precancer and cancer among uninsured and underserved women from 2009 to 2017

New guidelines for managing cervical precancer among women in the United States use risk directly to guide clinical actions for individuals who are being screened. Cervical cancer screening and follow-up data among 363,546 women from 2009 to 2017. Women who were up-to-date with their screening had immediate risks of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or higher. Those who were never screened or who were not screened had greater immediate risks.

Effects of bisphosphonates on long-term kidney transplantation outcomes

Bisphosphonates are administered to post-transplantation patients with mineral and bone disorders. The study enrolled 3836 kidney transplant recipients treated from April 1979 to June 2016. Users had a significantly reduced risk of graft failure. Increased cumulative duration of use and higher dose above the first quartile was associated with reduced risk. Bisphosphonates may improve long-term graft survival in kidney transplant recipients.

Prophylactic antibiotics for preventing pneumococcal infection in children with sickle cell disease

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a group of inherited disorders that result in hemoglobin abnormalities and other complications. Infants and very young children are especially vulnerable to infection. Prophylactic penicillin regimens may be advisable for this population.

Health behaviour outcomes of a family based intervention for paediatric obesity in primary care: A randomized type II hybrid effectiveness‐implementation trial

Pediatric obesity is a multifaceted public health problem. Few interventions have been tested under "real world" conditions. Family-based intervention delivered in coordination with pediatric primary care.240 families with racially and ethnically diverse (86% non-White) and predominantly low-income children (49% female) ages 6 to 12 years were studied. The FCU4 Health, delivered in coordination with pediatric primary care, FCU4Health significantly impacted child and family health behaviors assoc

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